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1.
Combating Nuclear Terrorism: Federal Efforts to Respond to Nuclear and Radiological Threats and to Protect Emergency Response Capabilities Could Be Strengthened. September 2006.
- "The Department of Energy (DOE) maintains an emergency response capability to quickly respond to potential nuclear and radiological threats in the United States. This capability has taken on increased significance after the attacks of September 11, 2001, because there is heightened concern that terrorists may try to detonate a nuclear or radiological device in a major U.S. city. This report discusses (1) the capabilities and assets DOE has to prevent and respond to potential nuclear and radiological attacks in the United States, (2) the physical security measures in place at DOE's two key emergency response facilities and whether they are consistent with DOE guidance, and (3) the benefits of using DOE's aerial background radiation surveys to enhance emergency response capabilities."
Source: Government Accountability Office (All by Source | Source Website). Report Number: GAO-06-1015.
See Also -
National Security :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Proceedings - Congressional Hearings, Conferences, Seminars, Workshops, etc.
-
2.
Combating Nuclear Terrorism: Federal Efforts to Respond to Nuclear and Radiological Threats and to Protect Key Emergency Response Capabilities Could Be Strengthened. November 2007.
- "The Department of Energy (DOE) maintains emergency response capabilities and assets to quickly respond to potential nuclear and radiological threats in the United States. These capabilities are primarily found at DOE's two key emergency response facilities--the Remote Sensing Laboratories at Nellis Air Force Base, Nevada, and Andrews Air Force Base, Maryland. These capabilities took on increased significance after the attacks of September 11, 2001, because of heightened concern that terrorists may try to detonate a nuclear or radiological device in a major U.S. city. DOE is not the only federal agency responsible for addressing nuclear and radiological threats. The Department of Homeland Security (DHS) is responsible for preparing the country to prevent and respond to a potential nuclear or radiological attack. This report discusses (1) the benefits of using DOE's aerial background radiation surveys to enhance emergency response capabilities and (2) the physical security measures in place at DOE's two key emergency response facilities and whether they are consistent with DOE guidance. It is based on GAO's report on DOE's nuclear and radiological emergency response capabilities, issued in September 2006"
Source: Government Accountability Office (All by Source | Source Website). Report Number: GAO-08-285T.
See Also -
National Security :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Proceedings - Congressional Hearings, Conferences, Seminars, Workshops, etc.
-
3.
Iran: Nuclear Intentions and Capabilities. November 2007.
- "This National Intelligence Estimate (NIE) assesses the status of Iran's nuclear program, and the program's outlook over the next 10 years. This time frame is more appropriate for estimating capabilities than intentions and foreign reactions, which are more difficult to estimate over a decade. In presenting the Intelligence Community's assessment of Iranian nuclear intentions and capabilities, the NIE thoroughly reviews all available information on these questions, examines the range of reasonable scenarios consistent with this information, and describes the key factors we judge would drive or impede nuclear progress in Iran. This NIE is an extensive reexamination of the issues in the May 2005 assessment."
Source: National Intelligence Council (All by Source | Source Website).
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
4.
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues
May 09, 2007. May 2007.
- "Recipients of China's technology reportedly include Pakistan and countries that the State Department says support terrorism, such as Iran and North Korea. This CRS Report, updated as warranted, discusses the national security problem of China's role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the U.S. policy response,including legislation, since the mid-1990s."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RL31555.
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
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5.
Reducing Vulnerabilities to Weapons of Mass Destruction. May 2007.
- The report discusses the findings and recommendations that followed the Hurricane Katrina disaster and shows how "weaknesses in planning and in command, control and communication and the lack of clarity in lines of responsibility and authority that are discussed herein were quite obvious in the response to Katrina." These findings are then applied to truly catastrophic events such as WMD attacks to show how such events should properly be managed.
Source: Defense Science Board, U.S. Department of Defense (All by Source | Source Website).
See Also -
Emergency Management
-
6.
Nuclear Nonproliferation: Focusing on the Highest Priority Radiological Sources Could Improve DOE's Efforts to Secure Sources in Foreign Countries. March 2007.
- "In January 2007, GAO issued a report— Nuclear Nonproliferation: DOE's International Radiological Threat Reduction Program Needs to Focus Future Efforts on Securing the Highest Priority Radiological Sources, (GAO-07-282)—that addressed these matters.To carry out its work, GAO reviewed DOE policies, plans and budgets; observed installed physical security upgrades; and interviewed senior DOE, Department of State (State), and Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) officials."
Source: Government Accountability Office (All by Source | Source Website). Report Number: GAO-07-580T.
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Radiological Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Regional, Hemispheric, or Limited Jurisdiction Agreements
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7.
Nuclear Weapons: Annual Assessment of the Safety, Performance, and Reliability of the Nation's Stockpile. February 2007.
- "To determine the process that DOE and DOD have established to fulfill the annual assessment requirements, we reviewed the major reports and briefings generated during the annual assessment cycles for 2005 and 2006, including the reports generated by the weapons laboratories and USSTRATCOM. We also interviewed DOE and DOD officials, including representatives from NNSA, each weapons laboratory, USSTRATCOM, the NWC, the Air Force, the Navy, and the U.S. Nuclear Command and Control System Support Staff."
Source: Government Accountability Office (All by Source | Source Website). Report Number: GAO-07-243R.
See Also -
Critical Infrastructure Protection :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
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8.
Chemical and Biological Defense: Updated Intelligence, Clear Guidance, and Consistent Priorities Needed to Guide Investments in Collective Protection. January 2007.
- "GAO previously reported persistent problems in providing collective protection for U.S. forces in high threat areas overseas. In this report, GAO examined (1) current intelligence assessments of chemical and biological threats, (2) the extent to which DOD has provided collective protection at critical overseas facilities and major expeditionary warfighting assets, and (3) DOD's framework for managing installation protection policies and prioritizing critical installations for funding."
Source: Government Accountability Office (All by Source | Source Website). Report Number: GAO-07-113.
See Also -
Biological Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Chemical Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
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9.
Nuclear Nonproliferation: DOE's International Radiological Threat Reduction Program Needs to Focus Future Efforts on Securing the Highest Priority Radiological Sources. January 2007.
- "GAO was asked to (1) assess DOE's progress in helping other countries secure their high-risk sources, (2) identify DOE's current and planned program costs, and (3) describe coordination between DOE and U.S. and international agencies to secure sources in other countries."
Source: Government Accountability Office (All by Source | Source Website). Report Number: GAO-07-282.
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Radiological Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Regional, Hemispheric, or Limited Jurisdiction Agreements
-
10.
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction. December 2006.
- "Congress has long been concerned about whether U.S. policy advances the national interest in reducing the role of the People's Republic of China (PRC) in the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and missiles that could deliver them. Recipients of China's technology reportedly include Pakistan and countries that the State Department says support terrorism, such as Iran and North Korea."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RL31555.
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
11.
India and Iran: WMD Proliferation Activities. November 2006.
- "Members of Congress have questioned whether India's cooperation with Iran might affect U.S. and other efforts to prevent Iran from developing nuclear weapons. India's long relationship with Iran and its support of Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) positions on nonproliferation are obstacles to India's taking a hard line on Iran, yet the Bush Administration has asserted that U.S.-India nuclear cooperation would bring India into
the “nonproliferation mainstream.” India, like most other states, does not support a nuclear weapons option for Iran. However, its views of the Iranian threat and appropriate responses differ significantly from U.S. views. Entities in India and Iran appear to have engaged in very limited nuclear, chemical and missile-related transfers over the years, and some sanctions have been imposed on Indian entities for transfers
to Iran, the latest in July 2006. This report will be updated as necessary."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RS22530.
See Also -
National Security :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
12.
Weapons of Mass Destruction: Trade Between North Korea and Pakistan, updated November 28, 2006. November 2006.
- "WMD trade between North Korea and Pakistan raises significant issues for congressional oversight. Are there sources of leverage over proliferators outside the nonproliferation regime? Do sanctions, interdiction, and intelligence as nonproliferation tools need to be strengthened? How is the threat of proliferation
interpreted within the nexus of terrorism and WMD? Further, has counterterrorism cooperation taken precedence over nonproliferation cooperation? If so, are there approaches that would make both policies mutually supportive?"
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RL31900.
See Also -
National Security :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
13.
Nuclear Weapons: Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty. October 2006.
- This document provides a brief history on the topic of nuclear weapons, treaties, and those bans and limitations associated with the testing of nuclear weapons. "National Positions on Testing and the CTBT" (Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty) are reviewed, each providing a bit of history regarding the legislative progress the CTBT has undergone. Recent developments, such as "North Korea declar[ing] that it had conducted a nuclear test", are addressed in this report as well.
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RL33548.
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Regional, Hemispheric, or Limited Jurisdiction Agreements
-
14.
Strategic Study of Bioterrorism. October 2006.
- Despite the preventative measures taken to restrict the procurement of nuclear and chemical weapons, biological agents are relatively easy to manufacture and transport, but little is being done to combat this threat. The report examines types of bioterrorism, and provides ways for states to become more biologically secure through prevention and response to attacks. Area's which are assessed include: "response scenarios, risk assessment, modern diagnostic techniques for detection, surveillance and response, and the political, social and psychological aspects of bioterrorism."
Source: Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) (All by Source | Source Website).
See Also -
Biological Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
15.
Disarming Libya: Weapons of Mass Destruction. September 2006.
- "On December 19, 2003, Libya announced it would dismantle its weapons of mass destruction (WMD) and ballistic missile programs. Since then, U.S., British, and international officials have inspected and removed or destroyed key components of those programs, and Libya has provided valuable information, particularly about foreign suppliers. Libya's WMD disarmament has been a critical step towards reintegration into
the world community."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source).
See Also -
Proceedings - Congressional Hearings, Conferences, Seminars, Workshops, etc.
-
16.
Iran's Nuclear Program: Recent Developments. September 2006.
- "International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) inspections since 2003 have revealed two decades' worth of undeclared nuclear activities in Iran, including uranium enrichment and plutonium separation efforts. Iran agreed in 2003 to suspend sensitive activities in negotiations with Germany, France, and the UK (EU-3), which broke down in August 2005. On September 24, 2005, the IAEA Board of Governors found Iran to
be in noncompliance with its Nuclear Nonproliferation Treaty (NPT) safeguards agreement and reported Iran's case to the U.N. Security Council in February 2006. The Security Council called upon Iran to resuspend enrichment and reprocessing, reconsider construction of its heavy water reactor, ratify and implement the Additional Protocol, and implement transparency measures. Iran continued enrichment activities and failed to meet the Security Council's request, even after the permanent members plus Germany (P-5 +1) offered Iran a new proposal on June 6. The Security Council passed UNSCR 1696 on July 31, 2006, giving Iran a deadline of August 31 to comply. Iran still failed to suspend enrichment, which may prompt negotiations on sanctions. This report will be updated as needed."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RS21592.
See Also -
National Security :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
17.
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues. August 2006.
- "Using a variety of unclassified consultations and sources, this CRS Report discusses the national security problem of the PRC's role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the U.S. policy response, including legislation, since the mid-1990s. Table 1, at the end of this report, summarizes the U.S. sanctions imposed or waived on PRC entities or the PRC government for weapons proliferation."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RL31555.
See Also -
Miscellaneous Resources
-
18.
Weapons of Terror: Freeing the World of Nuclear, Biological and Chemical Arms. June 2006.
- This report discusses "ideas and recommendations on what the world community -- including national governments and civil society -- can and should do."
Source: Weapons of Mass Destruction Commission (All by Source | Source Website).
See Also -
Biological Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Chemical Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
19.
Preparing for Response to a Nuclear Weapon of Mass Destruction, Are We Ready? May 2006.
- "This paper determined we must adequately prepare to overcome the complex command, control and management challenges associated with synchronizing the requisite expertise provided by numerous diverse groups of government, emergency response, law enforcement, military, medical, disaster relief, public health, mental health, and public affairs personnel. It also proposes recommendations to ensure we are prepared to provide immediate, organized, and well-synchronized response to terrorist attack employing nuclear weapons of mass destruction."
Source: U.S. Army Command and General Staff College (All by Source).
See Also -
Emergency Management :
First Responders :
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
-
20.
China and Proliferation of Weapons of Mass Destruction and Missiles: Policy Issues. April 2006.
- This report discusses "the national security problem of the PRC's [People's Republic of China] role in weapons proliferation and issues related to the U.S. policy response, including legislation, since the mid-1990s."
Source: Congressional Research Service (CRS), United States (All by Source). Report Number: RL31555.
See Also -
Nuclear Terrorism, Weapons, Security and Defense
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